Tuesday, 23 December 2008

Recession - Groundwork for Future

It is the most talked and happening topic of present time- Recession.

Lets have a clear picture about it :

Recession : In economics, the term recession generally describes the reduction of a country's gross domestic product (GDP) for at least two quarters. [1][2] The usual dictionary definition is "a period of reduced economic activity", a business cycle contraction. (Wikipedia)

Now if I put it is simple terms – We have a situation where Companies are not able to generate revenues because the source of revenue (in many cases the end consumer – common man) is not able to buy or use services . Thus it effects the spending of company which results in reduction in support function which over all transforms into misery of same common man.

Now if you see it in positive manner , companies start looking very seriously at costs that they are incurring, they start analyzing their ways of increasing revenues , they start looking at their exposure in market . If a holistic view can be considered we are actually doing what should be done if healthy business has to be run.

Now let me come to the topic that has been used for this blog.
Recession is certainly groundwork for growth because:

1>You start managing your recourses in best possible way which improves your ROI.

2>You start managing your stock effectively that helps you to rectify any problems in working capital.

3>You start reducing your exposure in market , which helps in cash flow.

4>You start looking at innovative ways of generating revenues which helps in long term growth.

So conclusion that I can derive is ‘’Recession is not that bad a process as it is seen, one should be able to adopt practices to sail through recession and carry it in good times also so that in next recession company is in auto mode’’

Sunday, 2 November 2008

Market meltdown - Tough Time

World is seeing one of the toughest times ever. Banks are going burst.Liquidity in Market is low. Governments are frightened and consumers are cutting their expenses.
This correction was on cards with the type of Surge World Economy saw in last 8 years.
India and China contributed the most.But china is entering this re-cession better prepared.Reason being:

1> No Dollar Debt: Due to dollar strengthening as there is shortage in market , lot of local currencies have shown fall. Rupee has depreciated by 25%. That means if you have 100 rs Loan in dollar sense you will have to pay 125 rs. And china has no debt so it will come out untouched.

2> Stock market Exposure to GDP : China has exposure of only 0.4% of its GDP to Stock Market, where as India has 4%.So when FII pull out their money GDP in India will be more effected in comparison with China.

3> Huge Foreign Reserves : although India also enter this new financial setup with good reserves but china enters with 3 trillion $ reserves which is amazing condition to be in.


These factors are important as only 2 winners in this crisis will be undoubtfully India and China.

World will witness new financial arena where players and their strategy will change.

The major issue of concern is the reason for this meltdown - Is this financial Failure or Capitalism Failure or DEMOCRACY FAILURE

Saturday, 20 September 2008

Cyclic Economy and Brand as Savior

It is clearly evident that world economy is going through a complete cycle.Is this the time when brands power will be tested? Yes.

Because consumer has now more choices and limited resources. Inflation has taken away extra share of income and now only counted penis will decide the success of Product.
So it will require a proper space in customer mind, so that at any point of decision marketing it has your brand as its first option.Now here is the twist. When Margin's are shrinking , how to effectively and profitably communicate to customer.

So any brand as a proactive investor has to keep check of economy.It has to predict the market scenario based on economy of world and take corrective action before it becomes a liability. Thats why big brands continuously keeps communicating to customer even in good times. It pays here when time is not good and margins have more than communication responsibilities.

We have a best example of this "Nokia".They built there brand when it was very tough working in the region.Nokia entered the Indian market in 1994. The first ever GSM call in India was made on a Nokia 2110 mobile phone on its own network in 1995. When Nokia entered India, the telecom policies were not conducive to the growth of the mobile phone industry.
The tariffs levied on importing mobile phones were as high as 27%, usage charges were at Rs.16 per minute and, at these high rates, consumers did not take to mobile phones. Nokia also had to face tough competition from other powerful global players like Motorola, Sony, Siemens and Ericsson...
And now it is most powerful with region contributing 11% of its global revenues and by 2010 it expects India to be its NO 2 Market.

Now if they would had started escaping from expenses on communication in good times it would had been really difficult to face hard times and keep the pace of growth same.

As it is well said "You should spend your way out of trouble times not save your way of trouble times"

Tuesday, 8 July 2008

NEW Customers - Middle Class - 1

It has been talked every where in world .
The basics are same, its cycle is fundamentally proved

Developing economy > People making more money > Wages increase > Middle class increase > Spending power increase > Increase in GDP > Economical development.

A new study by the McKinsey Global Institute (MGI) suggests that if India continues its recent growth, average household incomes will triple over the next two decades and it will become the world’s 5th-largest consumer economy by 2025, up from 12th now.

Now as the people will become richer and spending will take place. With this effect first stage will be making life more comfortable which will see the rise of spending in Housing , education , clothing . Then comes consumer goods and entertainment.

Only catch here is as the consumer will reach to the stage of consumer goods and entertainment , its spending strength will be much higher than the stage where he spent on Housing, education and clothing.

Now this is psychological that as and when the first stage becomes more visible, it becomes necessity.We have example of TV, initially it was an luxury but slowly with the spread it became a necessity and now Flat panels are at same stage.

It is a process as per my understanding :

Top down should look like this :

Luxury >> Addition >> Need >> Want


Now here this transition is also important for Companies with are into consumer demand products because when their products are in Luxury the equation is : less consumer and more premium price, but as it reaches Want equation changes : More Consumers and less premium price.Now a successful management will be one which is making profits in all circumstances and shows increase in profits as they move forward.

Marketing has a very crucial role to play in this. It is marketing that will decide the time line for each stage because it is them who will make the commitment and communication to consumers

Sunday, 15 June 2008

Predicting Troubles

It has been long time since last post because of the work pressure.Today we will discuss clues or the indications that predict that there is a hard time ahead for a product line up.

We can broadly define it as the "Symptoms of Disaster"

1> You are not able to sell your product at the pre-defined and proven price points.(Mild)

2> Some one else can source your alike product and sell more than yours.

3> Some one else can source exactly your product from cheaper country and sells more than yours

4> Your inventory is piling up month after month.

It is very important for any Product manager to keep track of it and take action as and when possible.Especially when someone else is able to sell the same product in same market and you are not,

This is very uncomfortable condition and creates lot of troubles :

1> Margins start shrinking
2> Sales touch rock bottom
3> Confidence in the market is lost
4> Inventory starts increasing at unbearable speed.
5> New products are very difficult to launch.


There can be a short term solution as shock therpy
"You get the product to a price level,where others can not match and hurt them with stuck inventory"
"You buy the material from the market and create a temporary hollow, this gives you chance to think and act"

But all these methods are not permanent solution to this type of problem.As a organization it has to come from top and a strategic decision has to be taken.

If one product bleeds it takes the shine of entire product portfolio.And if the "start product portfolio" is in mess, whole category will be hurt,causing long term damage to company which might be Unrepairable in long term.

Tuesday, 20 May 2008

Inventory Control - The Mantra for Successful Marketing Part 1

It has been a while .. So one thing that has touched me to my core in Product management is Inventory control.
To start with i will quote my legendary Managing Director Mr Probir Mukherjee "Orders should wait for goods,goods should not wait for orders"
When i fist heard this i was sitting in my monthly ordering cycle.And this thing touched me to deep.
It is absolutely necessary and important to have goods in inventory but to what extent is the beauty of business.Although it depends on the industry you are in.

In consumer durables i think 90 days is the best time period.Anything above it is a loss and thats what my MD indicates in his statement . While if you take case of beauty products (one of my friend is Buyer for same), they keep inventory for 360 days for many products , reason being the volume gives them cost advantage to very high extent.

I feel the inventory in all cases can be divided in 3 main categories.
A> Sting Inventory
B> Comfort Inventory
C> Killing inventory


A> Sting Inventory : when we start loosing orders for not having goods , this state we not only loose top line but other articles which could had been pushed are also not sold. This is one of the most uncomfortable situations because targets are not met and the market share is lost to competitors.

B> Comfort Inventory : This is the idle and most appropriate state where not only orders are met on time , but also we are able to keep cost of carrying goods in control.Means i am able to meet demand and can also go for expansion as i have buffer of 2 more months.

C> Killing Inventory : Here comes the most dangerous stage.It has many implications
1> These is always a cost attached to the inventory that has been carried
2> There is a very good chance that by the time you sell, the model is
outdated
3> New launches have the effect as old model is already in stock.
4> Price pressure is there. As cost is continuing SKU starts attracting
provisions.

We can go on and on for the same. The extent of damage is different for different industries but there is a considerable damage.

Basically there are few remedies for the same .

1> Proper forecasting
2> Channel strength analysis
3> Product profitability and life cycle analysis.


We can touch on each point in subsequent blogs.

Saturday, 3 May 2008

Micro marketing

Marketing in present world is not only very competitive but decisions in present time are taken after considering even the very small or nascent factors . This gave rise to new fundamental called Micro Marketing.
Macromodela descriptive model, designed to communicate, explain or predict some real system or process, in which there is a dependent variable and a relatively small number of independent, determinant variables.
This can be explained well with an example. Say for example i am a company which has 3 major brands and each brand has approximately six products.This gives me the range of 18 different Products.Now if each Product has 3 SKUs i have total reach of 18*3 = 54 .

Now i operate in a region having 5 states and each states have 20 vendors and each vendor or the customer point has its own unique feature.Now i will make plan for each 100 (20*5) touch points . I will fix targets for sales and also analyze the actives for each touch point.

This helps me to monitor and differentiate problems that each sku is facing in each customer touch point.Now i can not only take any action specific to some touch point but also i can analyze the feasibility of each outlet.

So now companies are going towards Micro Marketing where Dependent variable has less independent variables . This leads to greater control in the system.Any control engineer (i am one ) will explain you better.

Monday, 21 April 2008

Pricing and Premium

In the competitive world when whole world is shifting there manufacturing bases to low cost country . Is it possible that i can charge Price Premium .. Lot of mix reactions come for this .. Let us take example of Brands those are made in Premium demanding countries as Japan , Sweden or Europe .. As always lets get back to consumer electronics industry... can Sony charge premium on Samsung .. or LG on price .. sometime the ATL and BTL has its strong effect.
Brands such as Sony can still charge premium to an extent in countries where people are very Brand conscious, but in markets or products where samsung or Sony have same technology and resources how can Sony sustain its Prices ..

Here comes a very good stage to analyze that ''What is my Purpose to be in business and what are my future action to maximize my revenues ''. I believe although many things are talked about but Profits are the main purpose of any business..

So if my customer has become very educated and he knows what he wants and is able to differntiate or relate any type of technology of the product that he wants then Premium should be charged only for Technology that is innovative new not on the ''Made In Country'' premium.
Because even if it is made in japan but is providing me the same type of fuctions and quality that a brand is non - made in Japan ..why should i pay premium.

We have to realize that ''Value Addition is what can be charged in present world''
There is nothing left and marketing has its huge role to play.

With the changing technology and customer awareness it is the wholesome task of marketing to communicate the value addition clearly to customer.. it is what we are charging premium for ..
sometime the communication talks about the technology only.. if my camera is having xyz rays and abc projections what does it mean to customer .. Pictorial description should also be very to the point and clear , Pictorial presentation can be interperated in many ways. it should be crystal clear and also supported with text.


Thus i think it is Technology or Innovation that should be charged premium not the country of origin.

Saturday, 12 April 2008

Inflation - Growth - Marketing

Marketing as i have always believed has a very clear dependence on the economics of the market.
Now lets see what is happening in India.
Inflation is highest in last 3 years. It did touch high last year but it was different,because
1> It was the growth with inflation
2>World economy was fairly stable
3>Dollar was not this weak.

This time the inflation is high at the time when Indian economy is slowing down a bit.Thats worry.
{I am making basis for Marketing Discussion :) }
Throughout the world economies and world banks are cutting interest rates so that investor confidence is maintained and in India RBI might increase the rated on 26th this month.This is not only signal that we are doing something different but also that the corporate world in India is looking at something else.

Indian corporate is still upbeat but inflation has hit them hard.Particularly brands that are into low margin business such as consumer electronics would be hit most,This is because that the cost of a unit production or procurement has gone up but the final price has to be maintained as the competition is tough. This is the point where a corporate see its break down and it all starts with reduced marketing budgets , then comes to jobs , and finally eats up the business.


Marketing Budgets that are small in this type of situation has to be most effectively used.The money wasted at this point can cost company a lot.

India been free economy have all the big brands and also local brands that serve the market.Problem comes when my production cost is almost double of yours and i also have to maintain a substantial budget for marketing as i am a global brand and u are local.This point needs immediate attention , it is important to educate consumer what are the USPs of my brand in place of local brand.

Why in this increasing cost environment consumer should pay 10$ more than the local brand.
India is a very interesting case study for Marketing because there are extremes in marketing .
One segment fully relies on celebrities and other fully depend on creativity.

Now let me link it to economics .In the environment when prices are skyrocketing the impact of celebrity would be less as compared to creative communication.this is because the celebrity usp is that consumer aspires to be him and get related to brand ,but when the share of pocket is down , moral is down thus the aspiration.

So economics will certainly measure the extent of importance of communication and marketing in a particular market.

Cheers!!

Edward Bulwer-Lytton:
"Talent does what it can; genius does what it must."

Saturday, 5 April 2008

Todays Customer - How to impress!!

Customer these days are not only well informed but also know exactly what they need. This era will witness the development and birth of innovative ways to impress consumer. The trend says it all.
Now if you see successful advertisements you will feel the touch of emotions.
S-Kumar was one of the first to start with its communication being targeted to Family of S-Kumar.Everyone in family wears S-Kumar.

Now a days . Airtel is the frontrunner's in such advertisements, recent communication of them which shows how a father at work helps her daughter to draw signifies the relation that a customer shares with Airtel Network.. In whole advertisement Airtel comes at the last. This is where world is heading today.

Customer will not get impressed by the technical accomplishment of brand as all the brands will offer same but the connectivity to customer emotion is very important.I personally admire the creativity that has to do with emotions.

Now as coming from the consumer durable marketing background i feel lot of it is still not harnessed in proper way.There was a time in india when Whirlpool title song of ''whirlpool whirlpool '' was every home rhyme but now the instant impression and connection has become the rule of game.

Few suggestions can be :

1> Setting : Home
key players : Mother , Daughter
Script : Mother when comes from office see all her clothes washed and tries to find how it is possible and finds out that her daughter has done it for her.
Impression : Product - Washing Machine

2> Setting : Home
Key players : Father , Son
Script : Father is taking his son to school and tries to shield him from all the dust so that he is safe .When he comes home he is comfortable .
Imprssion : Product Ac , Message - New abc AC takes care of all the dust in the home and you need not worry about the health of your loved ones.


There can be numerous advertisements like this and can create all the impression that is required. Although the Market also defines the nature of communication. For example in a very price sensitive market for short term goals the communication can be fully pricing communication. But one must not forget that the brand image and the value that a brand add to a customer has its own importance and can not be ignored.
Lot of the times we only concentrate on the pricing differential which can be detrimental for a brand in ling run.

This is important that marketers think about it and make their decisions not only based on short term goals but also looking at the total future of the BRAND.

Sunday, 30 March 2008

Economics and Marketing - India's Case

Today if you ask any investor in the world that which is the most lucrative market in the world the answer no doubt would be INDIA.
The market is growing like anything and growing market means lots of opportunity and challenges for marketers.
As the context of present discussions is impact of economics on marketing lets start from the early 80ies nd mid 80ies., when the stupid box had only one major channel to reach - national channel or Doordarshan. The way the communications were made to Indian audience was totally different because that time Marketers were looking at the share of pocket that was not for luxury but for the normal living.

Target consumer had very less choices as the spending pattern was also very low. the basic necessities were met and that was the luxury .

But everything changed in 1991 when world third largest country population came into the world market with the immense Knowledge and intellect base.

Economics had changed . We were now a free nation in business terms. People started becoming rich , Money started to be made.Lookout of life started to change . And with all this came the change in Marketing,Change in approaching customer base in India. Change in the product line-up.

And we have grown consistently with 8%,IT , telecoms ,real state , financial market all has grown with the vigor of a young Indian. the change in the personality has taken place.

Economics has redefined the marketing.

We are witness to it . and it is still making the change.

Look at the approach that telecoms use to take to attract a user.BSNL or Nationalized telecoms sector companies.

It was product ,price earlier , now it is service , emotions and total customer experience.

What has changed us. It is the prosperity and the way of thinking.
What has brought change in the style of marketing. It is Economics

Economics and Marketing thus goes hand in hand.
So for any successful marketer it is important that he know and practice economics.

Economics will define the future shape of marketing ..Come what may ..!!!

:)

Wednesday, 26 March 2008

Is Economics Guiding the Marketing

Is economics driving present trends of marketing.. Is it that Marketing is the brain child of economics around it .. Has the world of economics changed marketing ..

I think yes..

Let us in this first post discuss the Marketing trends ...

If we analyze Internet marketing , Viral marketing are taking place of traditional marketing.. Media has also changed .. the way of presenting ideas has changed..

Technology and Marketing have become more compatible .. and all this has happened because the customer touch points have changed drastically.. Web has become one of the formost runner..

Taking the case forward the high penetration levels of Internet are the reason for the same ..

What i feel is the reason for all this is the change of Target Customer Life style.. people prefer using sophisticated means now.. Podcasts ... Website, Mobile marketing .. all these have come into the picture because Customers are using them and what is the reason that it was not so prevalent before.. Reason is that People disposable income has increased ..economics has changed and thus the trends..

So is it the E comics define the way people will consider or percive the marketing

To survive in business, you must reach, effectively, the audience that you want to influence.
And influence to an extent that they are not only aware about u but give u business ..
This effectiveness can be best reached when correct customer Touch points can be reached..

So what decides the trend in customer touch points..
The economics gives the siple reasoning that ''Now country will have money, (GDP).. People will have income (per capita Income) .. So the excess points will change ..

Discussion will continue..


Tuesday, 11 March 2008

Start of New Blog

Hey,
So finally i am back . Deleted all my previous blogs as now i am in new world...New world of Professional life.. It has been amazing till now...

Just to pour my heart out .. I felt this is the best place to be..
To discuss all about the Marketing , branding and all the issues related to it.

A topic will be discussed for a period !! and then the next one

Keep Blogging

Tushar